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Introduction The urinary organs consist of ureters (pelvic portion) carries urine from the kidney

Overview Introduction Glomerular filtration barrier a membrane that selectively allows the passage of molecules

Snapshot A 32-year-old obese woman with a history of PCOS presents to the physician

Introduction The kidneys are also involved in promoting erythropoiesis and producing activated vitamin D erythropoiesis (red blood cell

Snapshot A 42-year-old African American woman presents to her physician’s office for an annual

Snapshot A 36-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with left-sided back pain that

Snapshot An 18-year-old African American man with a history of sickle cell trait presents

Snapshot A 12-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician by his mother due to

Snapshot A 3-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician due poor growth and increased

Overview Snapshot A 32-year-old previously healthy man develops headache, fatigue, vomiting, and shortness of

Snapshot An 8-year-old girl is brought to the pediatrician for evaluation of increased urinary

Snapshot A 22-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his friend after