Viral Envelopes

Overview 

• Enveloped viruses usually acquire their envelope from the host cell’s plasma membrane 
  • occurs during exit from cell
  • except herpesviruses
    • acquire envelope from host nuclear membrane 
  • enveloped viruses can be disrupted by organic solvents 
• DNA enveloped viruses
  • herpesviruses
  • HBV
  • smallpox virus
• DNA nucleocapsid viruses
  • adenovirus
  • papillomaviruses
  • parvovirus
• RNA enveloped viruses
  • influenza virus
  • parainfluenza virus
  • RSV
  • measles virus
  • mumps virus
  • rubella virus
  • rabies virus
  • HTLV
  • HIV (shown in illustration)
• RNA nucleocapsid viruses
  • picornaviruses (enterovirus type)
    • poliovirus
    • coxsackievirus
    • echovirus
    • HAV
  • rhinovirus
  • reoviruses
    • rotavirus
  • calciviruses
    • norwalk virus